2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL
CASRN: 94-96-2
For other data, click on the Table of Contents

Human Health Effects:

Human Toxicity Excerpts:

... MODERATELY IRRITATING TO EYES, MUCOUS MEMBRANES, BUT NOT TO SKIN. INGESTION CAUSES CNS DEPRESSION.
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

ONCE ABSORBED /THROUGH SKIN/ IT CAUSES /CNS DEPRESSION/ BUT LITTLE ORGANIC INJURY.
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3888]**PEER REVIEWED**

TWO HUNDRED TWENTY-THREE HUMAN VOLUNTEERS WERE PATCH TESTED FOR SENSITIZATION WITH THE UNDILUTED PRODUCT. THREE ... DEVELOPED MILD SKIN REDDENING; OTHERWISE NO SIGNIFICANT SIGNS OF SENSITIZATION OCCURRED.
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3889]**PEER REVIEWED**

WHEN TESTED AS A REPELLENT IN STICK FORMULATIONS CONTAINING SODIUM STEARATE, NONE SHOWED SIGNS OF IRRITATION, SENSITIZATION, OR FATIGUING OF THE SKIN. /REPELLENT FORMULATION CONTAINING SODIUM STEARATE/
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3889]**PEER REVIEWED**

ITS WIDESPREAD USE CONFIRMS ITS LACK OF HAZARD & IRRITANT PROPERTIES IN MAN.
[Worthing, C. R. (ed.). Pesticide Manual. 6th ed. Worcestershire, England: British Crop Protection Council, l979. 247]**PEER REVIEWED**

Skin, Eye and Respiratory Irritations:

... MODERATELY IRRITATING TO EYES, MUCOUS MEMBRANES, BUT NOT TO SKIN.
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

Emergency Medical Treatment:

Emergency Medical Treatment:

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The following Overview, *** INSECT REPELLENTS ***, is relevant for this HSDB record chemical.

Life Support:
  o   This overview assumes that basic life support measures
      have been instituted.                           
Clinical Effects:
  SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE
   0.2.1.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   DEET - The most commonly used product in this class is
         N,N-Diethyl-M-toluamide, commonly referred to as DEET.
         Toxicity is primarily neurologic (encephalopathy,
         seizures, movement disorders, coma) and may occur via
         oral or dermal exposure, most commonly in children.
         Fatalities from ingestion and chronic dermal
         application of DEET containing products are rare, but
         have been described.
     o   OTHER COMPOUNDS may include the following:
      1.  ETHYL HEXANEDIOL is only slightly absorbed across the
          skin.  However, it is moderately toxic on ingestion,
          causing CNS depression, liver, and kidney injury.
      2.  INDALONE may cause slight skin irritation, plus kidney
          and liver damage following protracted application to
          the skin of animals.
      3.  DIMETHYL PHTHALATE has a low order of systemic
          toxicity.  When the volatilized esters are inhaled,
          they are moderately irritating to the mucous
          membranes.  Extreme oral doses cause CNS depression in
          animals.
      4.  N-OCTYL BICYCLOHEPTENE DICARBOXIMIDE is not irritating
          to skin; extreme doses cause excitement, then
          depression.
      5.  2,3,4,5-BIS (2-BUTYLENE)TETRAHYDRO-2-FURALDEHYDE and
          DI-N-PROPYL ISOCINCHOMERONATE have low systemic toxic
          potential in mammals, and are not significantly
          irritating.
      6.  N,N-DIETHYLPHENYLACETAMIDE (DEPA) - Hepatotoxic in
          animals in large doses.
      7.  VEHICLES - Ethyl and isopropyl alcohols and freon used
          as vehicles may contribute significantly to toxicity
          of some formulations.
  VITAL SIGNS
   0.2.3.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Hypotension after ingestion of DEET may occur.
  HEENT
   0.2.4.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Eye exposure to DEET may result in a burning sensation.
         A burning sensation of the lips, tongue and mouth may
         be noted.
  CARDIOVASCULAR
   0.2.5.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Bradycardia is rare but has been reported after dermal
         exposure to DEET.  Hypotension has been reported after
         large oral ingestions.
  NEUROLOGIC
   0.2.7.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Confusion, ataxia, hypertonicity, and clonic jerking
         progressing to coma and seizures may occur after acute
         oral or chronic dermal exposure to DEET.
  GASTROINTESTINAL
   0.2.8.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting may develop after
         excessive dermal exposure to DEET.
  HEPATIC
   0.2.9.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Toxic hepatitis may occur after DEET exposure.
  DERMATOLOGIC
   0.2.14.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Contact urticaria may develop after DEET use.  A
         bullous eruption in the antecubital and popliteal
         fossae that may progress to painful skin necrosis and
         permanent scarring has been described after DEET use.
     o   2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL is a skin irritant, erythema may
         develop after dermal application.
  PSYCHIATRIC
   0.2.18.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Acute paranoid psychosis from repeated dermal
         application of diethyltoluamide has been reported.
  IMMUNOLOGIC
   0.2.19.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
     o   Anaphylaxis has been reported after topical DEET
         application.    
Laboratory:
  o   Plasma levels of these agents may help to confirm the
      diagnosis, but toxic levels have yet to be established.
  o   Monitor liver and renal function tests carefully in
      symptomatic patients.
  o   Consider CT and lumbar puncture in patients with
      neurologic effects to rule out other causes.
Treatment Overview:
  ORAL EXPOSURE
    o   Coma and seizures can occur rapidly following ingestion
        of DEET, within 30 minutes to one hour of ingestion.
        Ipecac-induced emesis is not recommended.
     1.  Cautious lavage with a small-bore soft nasogastric
         tube, using small aliquots of water or saline, may be
         indicated since the risk of sequelae from absorption of
         DEET is high.  Activated charcoal should be instilled
         before removal of the tube.
    o   ACTIVATED CHARCOAL:  Administer charcoal as slurry (240
        mL water/30 g charcoal).  Usual dose:  25 to 100 g in
        adults/adolescents, 25 to 50 g in children (1 to 12
        years), and 1 g/kg in infants less than 1 year old.
    o   SEIZURES:  Administer a benzodiazepine IV; DIAZEPAM
        (ADULT:  5 to 10 mg,  repeat every 10 to 15 min as
        needed.  CHILD:  0.2 to 0.5 mg/kg, repeat every  5 min
        as needed) or LORAZEPAM (ADULT:  4 to 8 mg; CHILD:  0.05
        to 0.1 mg/kg).
     1.  Consider phenobarbital if seizures recur after diazepam
         30 mg (adults)  or 10 mg (children > 5 years).
     2.  Monitor for hypotension, dysrhythmias, respiratory
         depression, and need  for endotracheal intubation.
         Evaluate for hypoglycemia, electrolyte disturbances,
         hypoxia.
    o   NATIONAL PESTICIDE TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORK:
     1.  Provides consultation to poison centers and other
         health professionals for the management of pesticide
         poisoning.  Calls regarding emergency cases requiring
         immediate medical response will be transferred to the
         Oregon Poison Center.   The National Pesticide
         Telecommunications Network has a toll-free number,
         1-800-858-7378, or if outside the U.S., the
         non-toll-free number is 541-737-6094.  Hours are 6:30
         AM to 4:30 PM Pacific time 7 days/week excluding
         holidays.   FAX:  1-541-737-0761.  email:
         nptn@ace.orst.edu
  INHALATION EXPOSURE
    o   INHALATION:  Move patient to fresh air.  Monitor for
        respiratory distress.  If cough or difficulty breathing
        develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation,
        bronchitis, or pneumonitis.  Administer oxygen and
        assist ventilation as required.  Treat bronchospasm with
        beta2  agonist and corticosteroid aerosols.
  EYE EXPOSURE
    o   DECONTAMINATION:  Irrigate exposed eyes with copious
        amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes.  If
        irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia
        persist, the patient should be seen in a health care
        facility.
  DERMAL EXPOSURE
    o   Wash affected areas twice with copious amounts of soap
        and water.   Alcohol-detergent solutions such as "green
        soap" are most efficient  for this purpose.  A physician
        may need to examine the exposed area  if irritation or
        pain persist after the area is washed.
Range of Toxicity:
  o   Ingestion of 25 mL of 50% DEET by a one-year-old child
      resulted in severe toxicity.
  o   Ingestion of 50 mL of 100% DEET by adolescents or adults
      has resulted in severe toxicity, and death.
  o   Extensive daily dermal application of 10 to 15% DEET for 2
      days to 3 months  has resulted in encephalopathy in
      children.                        


[Rumack BH: POISINDEX(R) Information System. Micromedex, Inc., Englewood, CO, 2001; CCIS Volume 110, edition exp November, 2001. Hall AH & Rumack BH (Eds):TOMES(R) Information System. Micromedex, Inc., Englewood, CO, 2001; CCIS Volume 110, edition exp November, 2001.] **PEER REVIEWED**

Animal Toxicity Studies:

Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts:

... WHEN RABBITS WERE INUNCTED DAILY FOR 90 DAYS, 2 ML/KG (1.88 G/KG) CAUSED ABOUT 50% MORTALITY, & SOMEWHAT GREATER MORTALITY RESULTED @ ... 4 ML/KG (3.76 G/KG). CONTINUED CONTACT CAUSED...IRRITATION TO SKIN ... & ANIMALS THAT DIED EXHIBITED MODERATE LIVER & KIDNEY INJURY. LEUKOCYTOSIS WAS OBSERVED IN ONLY 1 ANIMAL TREATED AT THE 4 ML/KG ... LEVEL.
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3889]**PEER REVIEWED**

... RATS WERE FED UP TO 2 YR ON DIETS CONTAINING 2.0, 4.0, & 8.0% OF 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL. GROWTH WAS DEPRESSED @ ALL LEVELS. AT 8% LEVEL, ALL ANIMALS WERE DEAD WITHIN 18 WK ... DUE TO INANITION. THOSE @ 4.0 & 2.0% LEVELS SURVIVED, & AUTOPSY REVEALED NO ORGANIC INJURY ATTRIBUTABLE TO THE GLYCOL.
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3888]**PEER REVIEWED**

... RATS FED FOR 90 DAYS ON DIET THAT PROVIDED DAILY INTAKE OF 0.70 G/KG ... DID NOT GROW AS WELL AS CONTROLS, BUT ... SUFFERED NO ORGANIC INJURY. WHEN ... MAINTAINED ON ... DAILY INTAKE OF 0.48 G/KG, GROWTH WAS NORMAL & NO DETECTABLE ADVERSE EFFECTS ... NOTED.
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3888]**PEER REVIEWED**

RATS EXPOSED TO ESSENTIALLY SATURATED VAPORS GENERATED AT ROOM TEMPERATURE FOR 2 HR SURVIVED; THOSE EXPOSED FOR 8 HR DIED. THE RATS EXPOSED TO A MIST GENERATED @ 170 DEG C FOR 2 HR ALSO SURVIVED WHEREAS THOSE EXPOSED FOR 8 HR DIED. THOSE EXPOSED TO A FOG GENERATED AT 70 DEG C WITH A NEBULIZER AT A CONCN ESTIMATED TO BE 4800 PPM FOR 8 HR ALL SURVIVED.
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3889]**PEER REVIEWED**

SKIN SENSITIZATION: GUINEA PIGS WERE NOT SENSITIZED BY 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3889]**PEER REVIEWED**

/IN RATS/ ... LARGE /ORAL/ DOSES ... APPEARS TO CAUSE DEEP /SRP: CNS DEPRESSION/ ... & THIS IS BELIEVED TO BE THE CAUSE OF DEATH.
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3888]**PEER REVIEWED**

TESTS WERE DONE IN WHICH THE BELLY OF A RABBIT WAS COVERED WITH A REPELLENT-TREATED NET & THEN EXPOSED TO INSECTS. 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL & TETRAHYDROFURFURYL OCTANOATE WERE NOT EFFECTIVE REPELLENTS AGAINST INSECTS FOR 1 HR COMPARED WITH BIOALLETHRIN & 1-(CYCLOHEXYLCARBONYL)HEXAHYDRO-1H-AZEPINE).
[BAR-ZEEV M; J MED ENTOMOL 17 (1): 70 (1980)]**PEER REVIEWED**

A COMPOSITION WAS PREPARED CONTAINING P-TOLUENESULFONAMIDE 75%, 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL 20%, & PARAPLEX G25 5%. THIS COMPOSITION EXHIBITED IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL & ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY.
[MINUTO MM; ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL COMPOSITIONS; US PATENT NO 4241084 12/23/80]**PEER REVIEWED**

Ethylhexanediol rated 5 /on scale of 1 to 10 with 10 being the most severe/ on rabbit eyes.
[Grant, W.M. Toxicology of the Eye. 3rd ed. Springfield, IL: Charles C. Thomas Publisher, 1986. 1035]**PEER REVIEWED**

To evaluate the developmental toxicity potential of 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol, timed-pregnant CD rats were treated daily during organogenesis (gestational days 6-15) with 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol by occluded cutaneous application. Doses of 1.0, 2.0 or 4.0 ml/kg/day were administered for six hours per day. ... On gestational day 21, maternal effects at 4.0 ml/kg/day were limited to increased absolute and relative liver weights. Relative liver weights were also increased at 2.0 and 1.0 ml/kg/day. In fetuses at 4.0 ml/kg/day, the incidence of a single visceral malformation (hydroureter) was increased. Three visceral variations (atelectasis, partial atelectasis, dilated lateral ventricles) and 12 skeletal variations, indicative of reduced ossification, were also observed at 4.0 ml/kg/day. The incidence of dilated lateral ventricles was increased in fetuses at 2.0 ml/kg/day. Maternal toxicity was not observed in dams at doses up to 4.0 ml/kg/day; evidence of developmental delay at 2.0 and 4.0 ml/kg/day suggests that 2-ethyl-1,3-hexanediol is a mild developmental toxicant when administered cutaneously to pregnant CD rats.
[Neeper-Bradley TL et al; Toxicologist 11 (1): 341 (1991)]**PEER REVIEWED**

Non-Human Toxicity Values:

LD50 Rat oral 1400 mg/kg
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

LD50 Mouse oral 1900 mg/kg
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

Metabolism/Pharmacokinetics:

Metabolism/Metabolites:

... UNABLE TO DETECT ANY METABOLITES ... WHEN ... FED TO RABBITS.
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3889]**PEER REVIEWED**

Absorption, Distribution & Excretion:

TOPICAL & IV APPLICATIONS OF (14)C LABELED 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL WERE MADE TO HAIRLESS DOGS. AFTER TOPICAL ADMIN, EXCRETION WAS NEARLY COMPLETE AFTER 4-5 DAYS. RADIOACTIVITY LEVELS IN BLOOD SAMPLES WERE TOO LOW TO BE ACCURATELY MEASURED. WITHIN 48-96 HR AFTER APPLICATION ONLY SMALL AMT OF RADIOACTIVITY WAS RECOVERED FROM SKIN. RATE OF URINARY EXCRETION AFTER IV ADMIN WAS COMPARABLE TO THAT RECORDED IN HUMANS. IT IS SUGGESTED THAT PERMEABILITY OF HAIRLESS DOG'S SKIN MAY BE QUITE SIMILAR TO THAT OF HUMAN SKIN.
[REIFENRATH WG ET AL; J ENVIRON PATHOL TOXICOL 4 (1): 249 (1980)]**PEER REVIEWED**

AN IN VITRO APPARATUS WAS USED TO STUDY SKIN EVAPORATION & PENETRATION OF MOSQUITO REPELLENTS. IN VITRO REPELLENT DURATION, CALCULATED FROM REPELLENT EVAPORATION RATES, WAS COMPARED TO IN VIVO DURATION AT THE SAME DOSE (0.3 MG/SQ CM) TO ASSESS VALIDITY OF THE MODEL. IN VITRO DURATIONS FOR 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL CORRELATED WITH IN VIVO DURATIONS, ALTHOUGH IN VITRO DURATION WAS LONGER THAN IN VIVO DURATION.
[REIFENRATH WG, ROBINSON PB; J PHARM SCI 71 (9): 1014 (1982)]**PEER REVIEWED**

PERCENTAGE PENETRATION OF 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL WAS DETERMINED ON HAIRLESS DOGS AT 4 UG/SQ CM. MEAN PERCENTAGE PENETRATION INCREASED SLIGHTLY WITH INCREASED DOSE OF 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL, BUT NONE OF THESE CHANGES DIFFERED SIGNIFICANTLY AT THE 95% CONFIDENCE LEVEL.
[REIFENRATH WG ET AL; FOOD COSMET TOXICOL 19 (2): 195 (1981)]**PEER REVIEWED**

Interactions:

SUCKER CONTROL IN TOBACCO WAS EXHIBITED BY 5% 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL BY ITSELF, & ESPECIALLY WHEN COMBINED WITH MALEIC HYDRAZIDE.
[BARER SJ; 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL AS A CHEMICAL PINCHING AGENT; US PATENT NO 4219350 08/26/80 (CELANESE CORP)]**PEER REVIEWED**

Pharmacology:

Interactions:

SUCKER CONTROL IN TOBACCO WAS EXHIBITED BY 5% 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL BY ITSELF, & ESPECIALLY WHEN COMBINED WITH MALEIC HYDRAZIDE.
[BARER SJ; 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL AS A CHEMICAL PINCHING AGENT; US PATENT NO 4219350 08/26/80 (CELANESE CORP)]**PEER REVIEWED**

Environmental Fate & Exposure:

Environmental Standards & Regulations:

Chemical/Physical Properties:

Molecular Formula:

C8-H18-O2
**PEER REVIEWED**

Molecular Weight:

146.22
**PEER REVIEWED**

Color/Form:

SLIGHTLY OILY LIQ
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

COLORLESS LIQUID
[Worthing, C. R. (ed.). Pesticide Manual. 6th ed. Worcestershire, England: British Crop Protection Council, l979. 247]**PEER REVIEWED**

Odor:

ODORLESS
[Sax, N.I. and R.J. Lewis, Sr. (eds.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1987. 492]**PEER REVIEWED**

Boiling Point:

244.2 DEG C @ 760 MM HG
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

Melting Point:

-40 DEG C
[Weast, R.C. (ed.). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. 60th ed. Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press Inc., 1979.,p. C-335]**PEER REVIEWED**

Density/Specific Gravity:

0.9325 @ 22 DEG C/4 DEG C
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

Solubilities:

SOL IN WATER 0.6% WT/WT; SOLUBILITY OF WATER IN ETHOHEXADIOL 10.8% WT/WT; SOL IN ETHANOL, ISOPROPANOL, PROPYLENE GLYCOL, CASTOR OIL
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

MISCIBLE WITH CHLOROFORM, DIETHYL ETHER
[Worthing, C. R. (ed.). Pesticide Manual. 6th ed. Worcestershire, England: British Crop Protection Council, l979. 247]**PEER REVIEWED**

Spectral Properties:

INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.4530 @ 22 DEG C/D
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

IR: 4226 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Prism Collection)
[Weast, R.C. and M.J. Astle. CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volumes I and II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc. 1985.,p. V1 716]**PEER REVIEWED**

NMR: 17304 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Spectral Collection)
[Weast, R.C. and M.J. Astle. CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volumes I and II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc. 1985.,p. V1 716]**PEER REVIEWED**

MASS: 841 (Atlas of Mass Spectral Data, John Wiley & Sons, New York)
[Weast, R.C. and M.J. Astle. CRC Handbook of Data on Organic Compounds. Volumes I and II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press Inc. 1985.,p. V1 716]**PEER REVIEWED**

Vapor Density:

5.03
[Sax, N.I. Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials. 6th ed. New York, NY: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1984. 1358]**PEER REVIEWED**

Vapor Pressure:

LESS THAN 0.01 MM HG @ 20 DEG C
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

Viscosity:

323 CENTIPOISES @ 20 DEG C
[Sax, N.I. and R.J. Lewis, Sr. (eds.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1987. 492]**PEER REVIEWED**

Other Chemical/Physical Properties:

FAINT ODOR OF WITCH HAZEL; DISTILLATION RANGE 241-249 DEG C; DENSITY: 0.939-0.943 @ 20 DEG C/20 DEG C /CRUDE/
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 272]**PEER REVIEWED**

BOTH HYDROXY GROUPS CAN BE ESTERIFIED, THE SECONDARY GROUP WITH DIFFICULTY
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 272]**PEER REVIEWED**

HYGROSCOPIC; 7.8 LB/GAL @ 20 DEG C
[Sax, N.I. and R.J. Lewis, Sr. (eds.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1987. 492]**PEER REVIEWED**

ABSOLUTE VISCOSITY: 271 CENTIPOISES
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

Chemical Safety & Handling:

Skin, Eye and Respiratory Irritations:

... MODERATELY IRRITATING TO EYES, MUCOUS MEMBRANES, BUT NOT TO SKIN.
[Budavari, S. (ed.). The Merck Index - Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs and Biologicals. Rahway, NJ: Merck and Co., Inc., 1989. 591]**PEER REVIEWED**

NFPA Hazard Classification:

Health: 1. 1= Materials only slightly hazardous to health. It may be desirable to wear self-contained breathing apparatus.
[National Fire Protection Association. Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials. 9th ed. Boston, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 1986.,p. 325M-76]**PEER REVIEWED**

Flammability: 1. 1= Materials that must be preheated before ignition can occur. Water may cause frothing of liquids ... if it gets below the surface of the liquid and turns to steam. ... water spray gently applied to the surface will cause a frothing which will extinguish the fire.
[National Fire Protection Association. Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials. 9th ed. Boston, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 1986.,p. 325M-76]**PEER REVIEWED**

Reactivity: 0. 0= Materials which are normally stable even under fire exposure conditions, and which are not reactive with water. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used.
[National Fire Protection Association. Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials. 9th ed. Boston, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 1986.,p. 325M-76]**PEER REVIEWED**

Flash Point:

230 DEG F (110 DEG C) (OPEN CUP)
[National Fire Protection Association. Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials. 9th ed. Boston, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 1986.,p. 325M-76]**PEER REVIEWED**

Autoignition Temperature:

635 DEG F (335 DEG C)
[National Fire Protection Association. Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials. 9th ed. Boston, MA: National Fire Protection Association, 1986.,p. 325M-76]**PEER REVIEWED**

Fire Fighting Procedures:

WATER OR FOAM MAY CAUSE FROTHING. "ALCOHOL" FOAM.
[National Fire Protection Association. Fire Protection Guide on Hazardous Materials. 7th ed. Boston, Mass.: National Fire Protection Association, 1978.,p. 325M-104]**PEER REVIEWED**

Preventive Measures:

SRP: The scientific literature for the use of contact lenses in industry is conflicting. The benefit or detrimental effects of wearing contact lenses depend not only upon the substance, but also on factors including the form of the substance, characteristics and duration of the exposure, the uses of other eye protection equipment, and the hygiene of the lenses. However, there may be individual substances whose irritating or corrosive properties are such that the wearing of contact lenses would be harmful to the eye. In those specific cases, contact lenses should not be worn. In any event, the usual eye protection equipment should be worn even when contact lenses are in place.
**PEER REVIEWED**

Stability/Shelf Life:

STABLE UNDER NORMAL STORAGE CONDITIONS
[Worthing, C. R. (ed.). Pesticide Manual. 6th ed. Worcestershire, England: British Crop Protection Council, l979. 247]**PEER REVIEWED**

Occupational Exposure Standards:

Manufacturing/Use Information:

Major Uses:

SOLVENT FOR RESINS & INKS; PLASTICIZER; CHEM INTERMEDIATE IN PRODN OF POLYURETHANE RESINS
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3887]**PEER REVIEWED**

INSECT REPELLENT, COSMETICS; VEHICLE AND SOLVENT IN PRINTING INKS, MEDICINE, CHELATING AGENT FOR BORIC ACID
[Sax, N.I. and R.J. Lewis, Sr. (eds.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1987. 492]**PEER REVIEWED**

Manufacturers:

Union Carbide Corporation, Hq, Old Ridgeway Road, Danbury, CT 06817, (203) 794-2000; Chemicals and Plastics Business Group; Specialty Chemicals Division; Production site: South Charleston, WV 25303
[SRI. 1989 Directory of Chemical Producers - United States of America. Menlo Park, CA: SRI International, 1989. 835]**QC REVIEWED**

Methods of Manufacturing:

PREPD BY CATALYTIC TRIMOLECULAR CONDENSATION OF BUTYRALDEHYDE WITH MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM ETHOXIDE YIELDING THE MONOBUTYRATE OF 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL, FOLLOWED BY HYDROLYSIS OF THE ESTER.
[The Merck Index. 9th ed. Rahway, New Jersey: Merck & Co., Inc., 1976. 492]**PEER REVIEWED**

... PRODUCED COMMERCIALLY BY HYDROGENATION OF BUTYRALDOL (2-ETHYL-3-HYDROXYCAPROALDEHYDE).
[Clayton, G. D. and F. E. Clayton (eds.). Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley Sons, 1981-1982. 3887]**PEER REVIEWED**

General Manufacturing Information:

FORMULATED PRODUCT DISCONTINUED BY UNION CARBIDE AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS CO, INC.
[Farm Chemicals Handbook 1989. Willoughby, OH: Meister Publishing Co., 1989.,p. C-254]**PEER REVIEWED**

... EXTENSIVE MILITARY USE HAS INDICATED ITS SAFETY & LACK OF IRRITANT PROPERTIES.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 272]**PEER REVIEWED**

A COMPOSITION WAS PREPARED CONTAINING P-TOLUENESULFONAMIDE 75%, 2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXANEDIOL 20%, & PARAPLEX G25 5%.
[MINUTO MM; ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL COMPOSITIONS; US PATENT NO 4241084 12/23/80]**PEER REVIEWED**

Formulations/Preparations:

WIDELY USED IN MIXTURE (2 PARTS) WITH DIMETHYL PHTHALATE (6 PARTS) & INDALONE (2 PARTS).
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 272]**PEER REVIEWED**

GRADES: USP (AS ETHOHEXADIOL); INDUSTRIAL
[Sax, N.I. and R.J. Lewis, Sr. (eds.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1987. 492]**PEER REVIEWED**

Laboratory Methods:

Analytic Laboratory Methods:

ETHYL HEXANEDIOL GIVES A COLORED CMPD UPON REACTION WITH CONCN SULFURIC ACID & P-DIMETHYLAMINOBENZALDEHYDE WHICH IS DETERMINED AT 500 NM.
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 272]**PEER REVIEWED**

Special References:

Synonyms and Identifiers:

Synonyms:

6-12
**PEER REVIEWED**

CARBIDE 6-12
**PEER REVIEWED**

COMPOUND 6-12 INSECT REPELLANT
**PEER REVIEWED**

ENT 375
**PEER REVIEWED**

EPA Pesticide Chemical Code 041001
**PEER REVIEWED**

Ethohexadiol
**PEER REVIEWED**

Ethylhexanediol
**PEER REVIEWED**

2-ETHYLHEXANEDIOL-1,3
**PEER REVIEWED**

ETHYL HEXYLENE GLYCOL
**PEER REVIEWED**

2-ETHYL-1,3-HEXYLENE GLYCOL
**PEER REVIEWED**

2-ETHYL-3-PROPYL-1,3-PROPANEDIOL
**PEER REVIEWED**

1,3-HEXANEDIOL, 2-ETHYL-
**PEER REVIEWED**

3-HYDROXYMETHYL-N-HEPTAN-4-OL
**PEER REVIEWED**

6-12 INSECT REPELLENT
**PEER REVIEWED**

LATKA 612 (Czechoslovakia)
**PEER REVIEWED**

OCTYLENE GLYCOL
**PEER REVIEWED**

REPELLANT 612
**PEER REVIEWED**

RUTGERS 6-12
**PEER REVIEWED**

RUTGERS 612
**PEER REVIEWED**

Formulations/Preparations:

WIDELY USED IN MIXTURE (2 PARTS) WITH DIMETHYL PHTHALATE (6 PARTS) & INDALONE (2 PARTS).
[Spencer, E. Y. Guide to the Chemicals Used in Crop Protection. 7th ed. Publication 1093. Research Institute, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada: Information Canada, 1982. 272]**PEER REVIEWED**

GRADES: USP (AS ETHOHEXADIOL); INDUSTRIAL
[Sax, N.I. and R.J. Lewis, Sr. (eds.). Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary. 11th ed. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1987. 492]**PEER REVIEWED**

RTECS Number:

NIOSH/MO2625000

Administrative Information:

Hazardous Substances Databank Number: 1716

Last Revision Date: 20010809

Last Review Date: Reviewed by SRP on 08/07/1991

Update History:

Complete Update on 08/09/2001, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 06/12/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/02/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 09/21/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 08/26/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 03/19/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 06/02/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 03/31/1998, 3 fields added/edited/deleted.
Field Update on 02/27/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field Update on 10/23/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field Update on 09/17/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field Update on 05/08/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field Update on 05/01/1997, 2 fields added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 10/15/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 01/21/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 12/28/1994, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 03/25/1994, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field update on 12/21/1992, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 12/18/1991, 35 fields added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 10/10/1990, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 04/16/1990, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field update on 12/29/1989, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 12/26/1984

Record Length: 39486