INDALONE
Human Health Effects:
Human Toxicity Excerpts:
... NON-IRRITANT THOUGH CAUSING SLIGHT STINGING SENSATION, TO SOME ... WHEN APPLIED TO
SKIN.
MAY BE MILDLY IRRITATING TO SKIN ON REPEATED APPLICATION. ... NO HUMAN POISONINGS ARE
KNOWN.
Emergency Medical Treatment:
Emergency Medical Treatment:
| EMT Copyright Disclaimer: |
| Portions of the POISINDEX(R) database are provided here for general
reference. THE COMPLETE POISINDEX(R) DATABASE, AVAILABLE FROM MICROMEDEX, SHOULD BE
CONSULTED FOR ASSISTANCE IN THE DIAGNOSIS OR TREATMENT OF SPECIFIC CASES. Copyright
1974-1998 Micromedex, Inc. Denver, Colorado. All Rights Reserved. Any duplication,
replication or redistribution of all or part of the POISINDEX(R) database is a violation
of Micromedex' copyrights and is strictly prohibited. The following Overview, *** GENERAL OR UNKNOWN CHEMICAL ***, is relevant for this HSDB record chemical. |
| Life Support: |
o This overview assumes that basic life support measures
have been instituted.
|
| Clinical Effects: |
SUMMARY OF EXPOSURE
0.2.1.1 ACUTE EXPOSURE
o A SPECIFIC REVIEW on the clinical effects and treatment
of individuals exposed to this agent HAS NOT YET BEEN
PREPARED. The following pertains to the GENERAL
EVALUATION and TREATMENT of individuals exposed to
potentially toxic chemicals.
o GENERAL EVALUATION -
1. Exposed individuals should have a careful, thorough
medical history and physical examination performed,
looking for any abnormalities. Exposure to chemicals
with a strong odor often results in such nonspecific
symptoms as headache, dizziness, weakness, and nausea.
o IRRITATION -
1. Many chemicals cause irritation of the eyes, skin, and
respiratory tract. Respiratory tract irritation, if
severe, can progress to pulmonary edema, which may be
delayed in onset for up to 24 to 72 hours in some
cases.
2. Irritation or burns of the esophagus or
gastrointestinal tract are also possible if caustic or
irritant chemicals are ingested.
o HYPERSENSITIVITY -
1. A number of chemical agents produce an allergic
hypersensitivity dermatitis or asthma with
bronchospasm and wheezing with chronic exposure.
|
| Laboratory: |
o A number of chemicals produce abnormalities of the
hematopoietic system, liver, and kidneys. Monitoring
complete blood count, urinalysis, and liver and kidney
function tests is suggested for patients with significant
exposure.
o If respiratory tract irritation or respiratory depression
is evident, monitor arterial blood gases, chest x-ray, and
pulmonary function tests.
|
| Treatment Overview: |
SUMMARY EXPOSURE
o A specific review on the clinical effects and treatment
of individuals exposed to this agent has not yet been
prepared. The following pertains to the general
evaluation and treatment of individuals exposed to
potentially toxic chemicals.
o Move victims of inhalation exposure from the toxic
environment and administer 100% humidified supplemental
oxygen with assisted ventilation as required. Exposed
skin and eyes should be copiously flushed with water.
1. Rescuers must not enter areas with potential high
airborne concentrations of this agent without
SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS (SCBA) to avoid
becoming secondary victims.
o Measures to decrease absorption may be useful. The
decision to induce or not to induce emesis in ingestions
must be carefully considered. If the patient has any
signs of esophageal or gastrointestinal tract irritation
or burns, or has evidence of a decreased sensorium, a
depressed gag reflex, or impending shock, INDUCED EMESIS
SHOULD BE AVOIDED.
ORAL EXPOSURE
o GASTRIC LAVAGE
1. Significant esophageal or gastrointestinal tract
irritation or burns may occur following ingestion. The
possible benefit of early removal of some ingested
material by cautious gastric lavage must be weighed
against potential complications of bleeding or
perforation.
2. GASTRIC LAVAGE: Consider after ingestion of a
potentially life-threatening amount of poison if it can
be performed soon after ingestion (generally within 1
hour). Protect airway by placement in Trendelenburg
and left lateral decubitus position or by endotracheal
intubation. Control any seizures first.
a. CONTRAINDICATIONS: Loss of airway protective reflexes
or decreased level of consciousness in unintubated
patients; following ingestion of corrosives;
hydrocarbons (high aspiration potential); patients at
risk of hemorrhage or gastrointestinal perforation;
and trivial or non-toxic ingestion.
o ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
1. Activated charcoal binds most toxic agents and can
decrease their systemic absorption if administered soon
after ingestion. In general, metals and acids are
poorly bound and patients ingesting these materials
will not likely benefit from activated charcoal
administration.
a. Activated charcoal should not be given to patients
ingesting strong acidic or basic caustic chemicals.
Activated charcoal is also of unproven value in
patients ingesting irritant chemicals, where it may
obscure endoscopic findings when the procedure is
justified.
2. ACTIVATED CHARCOAL: Administer charcoal as slurry (240
mL water/30 g charcoal). Usual dose: 25 to 100 g in
adults/adolescents, 25 to 50 g in children (1 to 12
years), and 1 g/kg in infants less than 1 year old.
o DILUTION -
1. Immediate dilution with milk or water may be of benefit
in caustic or irritant chemical ingestions.
2. DILUTION: Following ingestion and/or prior to gastric
evacuation, immediately dilute with 4 to 8 ounces (120
to 240 mL) of milk or water (not to exceed 15 mL/kg in
a child).
o IRRITATION -
1. Observe patients with ingestion carefully for the
possible development of esophageal or gastrointestinal
tract irritation or burns. If signs or symptoms of
esophageal irritation or burns are present, consider
endoscopy to determine the extent of injury.
o OBSERVATION CRITERIA -
1. Carefully observe patients with ingestion exposure for
the development of any systemic signs or symptoms and
administer symptomatic treatment as necessary.
2. Patients symptomatic following exposure should be
observed in a controlled setting until all signs and
symptoms have fully resolved.
INHALATION EXPOSURE
o DECONTAMINATION -
1. INHALATION: Move patient to fresh air. Monitor for
respiratory distress. If cough or difficulty breathing
develops, evaluate for respiratory tract irritation,
bronchitis, or pneumonitis. Administer oxygen and
assist ventilation as required. Treat bronchospasm
with beta2 agonist and corticosteroid aerosols.
o IRRITATION -
1. Respiratory tract irritation, if severe, can progress
to pulmonary edema which may be delayed in onset up to
24 to 72 hours after exposure in some cases.
o PULMONARY EDEMA/NON-CARDIOGENIC -
1. PULMONARY EDEMA (NONCARDIOGENIC): Maintain ventilation
and oxygenation and evaluate with frequent arterial
blood gas or pulse oximetry monitoring. Early use of
PEEP and mechanical ventilation may be needed.
o BRONCHOSPASM -
1. If bronchospasm and wheezing occur, consider treatment
with inhaled sympathomimetic agents.
o OBSERVATION CRITERIA -
1. Carefully observe patients with inhalation exposure for
the development of any systemic signs or symptoms and
administer symptomatic treatment as necessary.
2. Patients symptomatic following exposure should be
observed in a controlled setting until all signs and
symptoms have fully resolved.
EYE EXPOSURE
o DECONTAMINATION: Irrigate exposed eyes with copious
amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes. If
irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia
persist, the patient should be seen in a health care
facility.
DERMAL EXPOSURE
o DERMAL DECONTAMINATION -
1. DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and wash
exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A
physician may need to examine the area if irritation
or pain persists.
o PESTICIDES -
1. DECONTAMINATION: Remove contaminated clothing and
jewelry. Wash the skin, including hair and nails,
vigorously; do repeated soap washings. Discard
contaminated clothing.
o IRRITATION -
1. Treat dermal irritation or burns with standard topical
therapy. Patients developing dermal hypersensitivity
reactions may require treatment with systemic or
topical corticosteroids or antihistamines.
o DERMAL ABSORPTION -
1. Some chemicals can produce systemic poisoning by
absorption through intact skin. Carefully observe
patients with dermal exposure for the development of
any systemic signs or symptoms and administer
symptomatic treatment as necessary.
|
| Range of Toxicity: |
o No specific range of toxicity can be established for the
broad field of chemicals in general.
|
Animal Toxicity Studies:
Non-Human Toxicity Excerpts:
MILD FOCAL NECROSIS IN LIVER & KIDNEYS OF RABBITS AFTER REPEATED CUTANEOUS
EXPOSURES.
IN 2-YR FEEDING TRIALS SOME GROWTH RETARDATION WAS OBSERVED IN RATS RECEIVING 80 G/KG
DIET.
LOW TOXICITY WARM BLOODED ANIMALS ... THE PRESENCE OF DIBUTYL OXALATE AS IMPURITY IS
OBJECTIONABLE BECAUSE OF ITS HARMFUL EFFECTS ON THE KIDNEYS WHEN APPLIED TO SKIN.
Metabolism/Pharmacokinetics:
Pharmacology:
Environmental Fate & Exposure:
Environmental Standards & Regulations:
FIFRA Requirements:
As the federal pesticide law FIFRA directs, EPA is conducting a comprehensive review of
older pesticides to consider their health and environmental effects and make decisions
about their future use. Under this pesticide reregistration program, EPA examines health
and safety data for pesticide active ingredients initially registered before November 1,
1984, and determines whether they are eligible for reregistration. In addition, all
pesticides must meet the new safety standard of the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996.
Pesticides for which EPA had not issued Registration Standards prior to the effective date
of FIFRA, as amended in 1988, were divided into three lists based upon their potential for
human exposure and other factors, with List B containing pesticides of greater concern and
List D pesticides of less concern. Butyl
3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carboxylate is found on List C. Case No: 3079;
Pesticide type: insecticide; Case Status: No products containing the pesticide are
actively registered ... The case /is characterized/ as "cancelled." Under FIFRA,
pesticide producers may voluntarily cancel their registered products. EPA also may cancel
pesticide registrations if registrants fail to pay required fees or make/meet certain
reregistration commitments, or if EPA reaches findings of unreasonable adverse effects.;
Active ingredient (AI): Butyl 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carboxylate; AI
Status: The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered pesticide products
... "cancelled."
Chemical/Physical Properties:
Molecular Formula:
C12-H18-O4
Molecular Weight:
226.28
Color/Form:
YELLOW TO PALE REDDISH-BROWN LIQUID
Odor:
AROMATIC ODOR
Boiling Point:
256-270 DEG C @ 760 MM HG
Density/Specific Gravity:
1.052-1.060 @ 25 DEG C/25 DEG C
Solubilities:
PRACTICALLY INSOL IN WATER; MISCIBLE WITH ALCOHOL, CHLOROFORM, ETHER, GLACIAL ACETIC
ACID
SOL IN BENZENE
PRACTICALLY INSOL IN GLYCEROL; SLIGHTLY SOL IN ETHYLENE GLYCOL, REFINED PETROLEUM OILS
Spectral Properties:
INDEX OF REFRACTION: 1.4745-1.4755 @ 25 DEG C/D
MAX ABSORPTION (ALCOHOL): 283 NM (LOG E= 4.00)
Other Chemical/Physical Properties:
EXISTS LARGELY AS THE DIHYDROPYRONE IN
EQUILIBRIUM WITH THE OPEN CHAIN ENOL FORM
Chemical Safety & Handling:
Fire Potential:
Fire Hazard: Slight.
Hazardous Decomposition:
When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Stability/Shelf Life:
REASONABLY STABLE IN AIR BUT SLOWLY AFFECTED BY LIGHT
Storage Conditions:
IN GENERAL, MATERIALS WHICH ARE TOXIC AS STORED OR WHICH CAN DECOMP INTO TOXIC
COMPONENTS ... SHOULD BE STORED IN A COOL, WELL-VENTILATED PLACE, OUT OF DIRECT RAYS OF
THE SUN, AWAY FROM AREAS OF HIGH FIRE HAZARD, & SHOULD BE PERIODICALLY INSPECTED. ...
INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS SHOULD BE ISOLATED FROM EACH OTHER.
Occupational Exposure Standards:
Manufacturing/Use Information:
Major Uses:
The active ingredient is no longer contained in any registered pesticide products ...
"cancelled."
... INSECT REPELLENTS /INDALONE/ ARE INTENDED
FOR APPLICATION TO HUMAN SKIN ... /SRP: FORMER USE/
... /AMONG/ BETTER REPELLENTS FOR TICKS ... /SRP: FORMER USE/
EFFECTIVE /INSECT REPELLENT/ ON DOGS & HORSES WHEN INDICATED. USUALLY IN
COMBINATION WITH ETHYL HEXANEDIOL. /SRP: FORMER USE/
USED IN VARIOUS MIXTURES FOR IMPREGNATION OF CLOTHING, & ON SKIN TO REPEL
MOSQUITOES, GNATS, & STABLE FLIES. /SRP: FORMER USE/
Methods of Manufacturing:
PREPARED BY CONDENSATION OF MESITYL OXIDE WITH DIBUTYL OXALATE IN THE PRESENCE OF
SODIUM OR SODIUM BUTOXIDE.
General Manufacturing Information:
Discontinued by FMC Corp.
Can be applied directly on the skin.
Formulations/Preparations:
...GENERALLY USED IN ADMIXTURE (TWO PARTS) WITH DIMETHYL PHTHALATE (SIX PARTS) &
2-ETHYLHEXANE-1,3-DIOL (TWO PARTS).
GRADE: TECHNICAL.
Laboratory Methods:
Special References:
Synonyms and Identifiers:
Synonyms:
BMOO
**PEER REVIEWED**
BUTOPYRONOXYL
**PEER REVIEWED**
n-Butyl-3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-1,2H-pyran-6-carboxylate
**PEER REVIEWED**
BUTYL-3,4-DIHYDRO-2,2-DIMETHYL-4-OXO-2H-PYRAN-6-CARBOXYLATE
**PEER REVIEWED**
Butyl 5,6-dihydro-6,6-dimethyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-2-carboxylate
**PEER REVIEWED**
BUTYL DIHYDRO-6,6-DIMETHYL-4-OXOPYRAN-2-CARBOXYLATE
**PEER REVIEWED**
N-BUTYL ESTER OF 3,4-DIHYDRO-2,2-DIMETHYL-4-OXO-2H-PYRAN-6-CARBOXYLIC ACID
**PEER REVIEWED**
BUTYL MESITYL OXIDE
**PEER REVIEWED**
Butylmesityl oxide oxalate
**PEER REVIEWED**
n-BUTYL MESITYL OXIDE OXALATE
**PEER REVIEWED**
N-BUTYLMESITYLOXID OXALATE
**PEER REVIEWED**
2-CARBO-N-BUTOXY-6,6-DIMETHYL-5,6-DIHYDRO-1,4-PYRONE
**PEER REVIEWED**
3,4-DIHYDRO-2,2-DIMETHYL-4-OXO-2H-PYRAN-6-CARBOXYLIC ACID-N-BUTYL ESTER
**PEER REVIEWED**
3,4-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carboxylic acid butyl ester
**PEER REVIEWED**
DIHYDROPYRONE
**PEER REVIEWED**
ALPHA,ALPHA-DIMETHYL-ALPHA'-CARBOBUTOXY-DIHYDRO-GAMMA-PYRONE
**PEER REVIEWED**
2,2-DIMETHYL-6-CARBOBUTOXY-2,3-DIHYDRO-4-PYRONE
**PEER REVIEWED**
ALPHA,ALPHA-DIMETHYL-ALPHA'-CARBOXYDIHYDRO-GAMMA-PYRONE BUTYL ESTER
**PEER REVIEWED**
ENT 9
**PEER REVIEWED**
2H-PYRAN-6-CARBOXYLIC ACID, 3,4-DIHYDRO-2,2-DIMETHYL-4-OXO-, BUTYL ESTER
**PEER REVIEWED**
4-Pyrone-2-carboxylic acid-5,6-dihydro-6,6-dimethyl, butyl ester
**PEER REVIEWED**
Formulations/Preparations:
...GENERALLY USED IN ADMIXTURE (TWO PARTS) WITH DIMETHYL PHTHALATE (SIX PARTS) &
2-ETHYLHEXANE-1,3-DIOL (TWO PARTS).
GRADE: TECHNICAL.
RTECS Number:
NIOSH/UP7000000
Administrative Information:
Hazardous Substances Databank Number: 1526
Last Revision Date: 20010808
Last Review Date: Reviewed by SRP on 3/2/1994
Update History:
Field Update on 08/08/2001, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field Update on 05/15/2001, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 06/12/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 03/13/2000, 2 fields added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/08/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/02/2000, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 11/18/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 09/21/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 08/26/1999, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 06/02/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 02/27/1998, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 10/23/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 04/23/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 01/24/1997, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 05/10/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 01/21/1996, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 12/28/1994, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 05/18/1994, 25 fields added/edited/deleted.
Field Update on 03/21/1994, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field update on 12/20/1992, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Field update on 12/29/1989, 1 field added/edited/deleted.
Complete Update on 10/03/1986
Record Length: 30438