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Permethrin
Contents I.A. REFERENCE DOSE FOR CHRONIC ORAL EXPOSURE (RfD) I.B. REFERENCE CONCENTRATION FOR CHRONIC 0185 Permethrin; CASRN 52645-53-1 Health assessment information on a chemical substance is included in IRIS only after a comprehensive review of chronic toxicity data by U.S. EPA health scientists from several Program Offices and the Office of Research and Development. The summaries presented in Sections I and II represent a consensus reached in the review process. Background information and explanations of the methods used to derive the values given in IRIS are provided in the Background Documents. STATUS OF DATA FOR Permethrin File On-Line 03/31/1987 Category (section) Status Last Revised ----------------------------------------- -------- ------------ Oral RfD Assessment (I.A.) on-line 01/01/1992 Inhalation RfC Assessment (I.B.) no data Carcinogenicity Assessment (II.) no data _I. CHRONIC HEALTH HAZARD ASSESSMENTS FOR NONCARCINOGENIC EFFECTS __I.A. REFERENCE DOSE FOR CHRONIC ORAL EXPOSURE (RfD) Substance Name -- Permethrin CASRN -- 52645-53-1 Last Revised -- 01/01/1992 The oral Reference Dose (RfD) is based on the assumption that thresholds exist for certain toxic effects such as cellular necrosis. It is expressed in units of mg/kg-day. In general, the RfD is an estimate (with uncertainty spanning perhaps an order of magnitude) of a daily exposure to the human population (including sensitive subgroups) that is likely to be without an appreciable risk of deleterious effects during a lifetime. Please refer to the Background Document for an elaboration of these concepts. RfDs can also be derived for the noncarcinogenic health effects of substances that are also carcinogens. Therefore, it is essential to refer to other sources of information concerning the carcinogenicity of this substance. If the U.S. EPA has evaluated this substance for potential human carcinogenicity, a summary of that evaluation will be contained in Section II of this file. ___I.A.1. ORAL RfD SUMMARY Critical Effect Experimental Doses* UF MF RfD -------------------- ----------------------- ----- --- --------- Increased liver NOEL: 100 ppm (diet) 100 1 5E-2 weights (5 mg/kg/day) mg/kg/day 2-Year Rat Feeding LEL: 500 ppm (diet) Study (25 mg/kg/day) FMC Corp., 1977 *Conversion Factors: 1 ppm = 0.05 mg/kg/day (assumed rat food consumption) ___I.A.2. PRINCIPAL AND SUPPORTING STUDIES (ORAL RfD) FMC Corporation. 1977. MRID No. 00057105, 00070950, 00110686. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. Four groups of 60 male and 60 female Long-Evans rats were dosed at either 0, 20, 100 or 500 ppm (0, 1, 5 or 25 mg/kg/day) for 104 weeks. No effects were noted at 1 mg/kg/day, but slight liver weight increases were seen at 5 mg/kg/day; this increase is considered below the level of toxicological significance. A definite effect level for liver weight increases was observed at 25 mg/kg/day. ___I.A.3. UNCERTAINTY AND MODIFYING FACTORS (ORAL RfD) UF -- Based on a chronic exposure study, an uncertainty factor of 100 was used to account for inter- and intraspecies differences. MF -- None ___I.A.4. ADDITIONAL COMMENTS (ORAL RfD) Data Considered for Establishing the RfD: 1) 2-Year Feeding (oncogenic) - rat: Principal study - see previous description; core grade minimum 2) 1-Year Feeding - dog: NOEL=5 mg/kg/day; LEL=100 mg/kg/day (increased alkaline phosphatase, increased liver weights and hepatocellular swelling); core grade guideline (ICI Americas, Inc., 1982) 3) 3-Generation Reproduction - rat: NOEL=none; LEL=500 ppm (25 mg/kg/day) (offspring show centrilobular hepatocyte hypertrophy and cytoplasmic eosinophilia and buphthalmos with persistent pupillary membranes; body tremors in parents at 1000 ppm and 2500 ppm and in offspring at 2500 ppm); core grade guideline (FMC Corp., 1978) 4) Teratology - rat: Not teratogenic at 200 mg/kg; no definite maternal or fetotoxic effects evident; core grade minimum (FMC Corp., 1976a) 5) Teratology - rabbit: Not teratogenic at 400 mg/kg; no definite maternal or fetotoxic effects evident; core grade minimum (FMC Corp., 1976b) Other Data Reviewed: 1) 2-Year Feeding (oncogenic) - mice: Systemic NOEL=20 ppm (3 mg/kg/day); Systemic LEL=2500 ppm (375 mg/kg/day) in females (liver and lung weight increases); 500 ppm (75 mg/kg/day) in males (testis weight depression deaths); no core grade (FMC Corp., 1979) Data Gap(s): None ___I.A.5. CONFIDENCE IN THE ORAL RfD Study -- High Data Base -- High RfD -- High The critical study is of good quality and is given a high confidence rating. Additional studies are very supportive; therefore, the data base is given a high confidence rating. High confidence in the RfD follows. ___I.A.6. EPA DOCUMENTATION AND REVIEW OF THE ORAL RfD Source Document -- This assessment is not presented in any existing U.S. EPA document. Other EPA Documentation -- Pesticide Registration Files Agency Work Group Review -- 10/28/1986 Verification Date -- 10/28/1986 ___I.A.7. EPA CONTACTS (ORAL RfD) Please contact the IRIS Hotline for all questions concerning this assessment or IRIS, in general, at (301) 345-2870 (phone), (301) 345-2876 (FAX) or Hotline.IRIS@epamail.epa.gov (internet address). __I.B. REFERENCE CONCENTRATION FOR CHRONIC INHALATION EXPOSURE (RfC) Substance Name -- Permethrin CASRN -- 52645-53-1 Not available at this time. _II. CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT FOR LIFETIME EXPOSURE Substance Name -- Permethrin CASRN -- 52645-53-1 Not available at this time. _VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY Substance Name -- Permethrin CASRN -- 52645-53-1 Last Revised -- 01/01/1992 __VI.A. ORAL RfD REFERENCES FMC Corporation. 1976a. MRID No. 00029824, 00057099, 00070579. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. FMC Corporation. 1976b. MRID No. 00029826, 00057101, 00070580. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. FMC Corporation. 1977. MRID No. 00057105, 00070950, 00110686. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. FMC Corporation. 1978. MRID No. 00069702, 00120271. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. FMC Corporation. 1979. MRID No. 00027579, 00029495, 00044323, 00061901, 00062806, 92142033. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. ICI Americas, Inc. 1982. MRID No. 00129600, 92142031. Available from EPA. Write to FOI, EPA, Washington, DC 20460. __VI.B. INHALATION RfD REFERENCES None __VI.C. CARCINOGENICITY ASSESSMENT REFERENCES None _VII. REVISION HISTORY Substance Name -- Permethrin CASRN -- 52645-53-1 -------- -------- -------------------------------------------------------- Date Section Description -------- -------- -------------------------------------------------------- 02/01/1990 II. Carcinogen assessment now under review 01/01/1992 I.A.4. Citations added 01/01/1992 IV. Regulatory Action section on-line 01/01/1992 VI. Bibliography on-line 08/01/1995 II. EPA's RfD/RfC and CRAVE workgroups were discontinued in May, 1995. Chemical substance reviews that were not completed by September 1995 were taken out of IRIS review. The IRIS Pilot Program replaced the workgroup functions beginning in September, 1995. 04/01/1997 III.,IV., Drinking Water Health Advisories, EPA Regulatory Actions, and V. Supplementary Data were removed from IRIS on or before April 1997. IRIS users were directed to the appropriate EPA Program Offices for this information. VIII. SYNONYMS Substance Name -- Permethrin CASRN -- 52645-53-1 Last Revised -- 03/31/1987 52645-53-1 AI3-29158 AMBUSH BW-21-Z CYCLOPROPANECARBOXYLIC ACID, 3-(2,2-DICHLOROVINYL)-2,2-DIMETHYL-, 3- PHENOXYBENZYL ESTER, (+-)-, (cis,trans)- ECTIBAN EXMIN FMC 33297 FMC 41655 ICI-PP 557 KESTREL NDRC-143 NIA 33297 OUTFLANK OUTFLANK-STOCKADE Permethrin PERMETRIN PERMETRINA PERMITRENE 3-PHENOXYBENZYL (+-)-3-(2,2-DICHLOROVINYL)-2,2-DIMETHYLCYCLOPROPANECARBOXYLATE (3-PHENOXYPHENYL)METHYL-3-(2,2-DICHLORETHENYL)-2,2- DIMETHYLCYCLOPROPANECARBOXYLATE POUNCE PP 557 S-3151 SBP-1513 TALCORD WL 43479 .
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